Personal emergency communication system

ABSTRACT

A personal emergency communication system includes a user-carried portable communication unit having a single button, which when depressed by the user, wirelessly sends a call request signal to a base unit. The base unit initiates a telephone call through a dial-up network to an emergency response center and places an operator at the emergency center in wireless voice communication with the portable unit when the call is connected. The telephone number to be called can be stored in at least one of the portable unit and the base unit. A speech synthesizer operating in combination with automated voice messages stored in at least one of the base unit and portable unit are used to advise the user of the status of the call, and to provide the user with verbal confirmation that functional systems of the base unit are operating properly.

RELATED CASE

This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.10/955,327, filed Sep. 30, 2004, the contents of which are hereincorporated by reference in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention broadly relates to personal communication systems,and deals more particularly with a system for placing a user requiringemergency attention in direct voice communication with an emergencyresponse center, such as a 911 operator.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various types of personal emergency communication devices had beendeveloped which allow a person in need of immediate medical attention orother emergency service to contact an emergency service provider. Insome cases, the user is required to subscribe to a proprietarycommunication system in which the service provider collects a monthlyfee. These private systems typically rely on radio frequencycommunication between a portable communication unit worn or attached tothe user, and a base station monitored by the service provider.

Numerous other forms of communication links have been employed toconnect a remote subscriber with a monitoring station for emergencycommunications. Such links include telephone lines, cable televisiontransmission lines, or dedicated land lines. Many recently developedsystems utilize public telephone lines because they are widely availableand require minimal installation expense.

User-carried portable communication units are available in a variety offorms, including those that are automatically activated by an emergencyevent and those that are manually activated by a user in the event of anemergency. In the case of portable units capable of establishing acommunication link with an emergency response center, such as a 911center, most prior systems, while capable of dialing a 911 number, arerestricted in their ability to place the user in direct, two way voicecommunication with the 911 operator. Moreover, existing personalcommunication systems capable of remotely dialing a 911 operator requirethe user to use keypads or manipulate a number of buttons or switches ona portable communications unit in order to place the call. A problemexists with these prior systems, in that the user may be substantiallyincapacitated by the medical condition which gives rise to the emergencycall, thereby diminishing the user's ability to complete the steps thatare necessary to place the call. This problem is particularly prevalentwith elderly users having limited manual dexterity or diminished vision.

Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a personal communicationsystem which overcomes each of the disadvantages of the prior artdiscussed above, and which is both simple to use and inexpensive toconstruct. The present invention is directed toward satisfying thisneed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to one aspect of the invention, a personal emergency responsecommunication system is provided, comprising a portable communicationsunit intended to be carried by a user who may require emergencyattention, and a base communication unit coupled with a dial uptelephone system for establishing direct, two way voice communicationbetween the user and an emergency response center, such as a 911 centeroperator. The portable unit includes a wireless transmitter and areceiver for communicating with the base unit, and a single call buttonactuated by the user to initiate a call request signal that results inplacing the user in voice communication with the emergency responsecenter. The call button is recessed within a central opening in theportable unit and is surrounded with an upstanding ridge to aid the userin tactile location of the call button.

The base unit includes a wireless transmitter and receiver forcommunicating with the portable unit, a memory for storing a telephonenumber of the emergency response center, a dialer for dialing theemergency response center telephone number, and a controller responsiveto the call request signal for controlling the dialer to dial theemergency response center telephone number. The portable unit includesan acoustic transducer providing the portable unit with a speaker phonefunction, thereby allowing voice communication between the user and theemergency response center. The base unit includes one or morepreselected voice messages stored in a memory, and a speech synthesizerwhich provides the user with automatic voice messages reporting thestatus of the call as well as the operational status of the base unit.The portable unit includes a test feature that may be initiated by theuser to carry out functional testing of operating systems in the baseunit. In an alternative embodiment, the telephone number is stored inthe portable communications unit and communicated to base unit when thesingle call button is actuated, such as, by depressing. Thereafter, thecall is made by the base unit as described above. Likewise, one or moreof the voice messages can be stored in the portable communications unitand activate when appropriate according to the activity between the baseunit and the emergency response center.

According to another aspect of the invention, a personal emergencyresponse communication system is provided, comprising a portable,wireless communication unit intended to be carried by a user who mayrequire emergency attention, and a base communication unit forwirelessly communicating with the portable unit. The portable unitincludes a single, centrally located call button activatable by the userto transmit a call request signal to the base unit. The telephone numberfor the call request signal, may be stored in the base unit or stored inthe portable, wireless communication unit intended to be carried by auser, or both, and forwarded with the call request signal.

The base unit is coupled with a public dial up telephone system and isresponsive to the call request signal for establishing voicecommunications between the user and an emergency response center. Thebase unit includes at least one stored voice message indicating thestatus of the communications with the response center, and a controllerfor controlling the transmission of the voice message to the portableunit in order to advise the user of the communications status. The baseunit also includes a speech synthesizer for generating the stored voicemessage. In a preferred embodiment, the base unit includes two storedvoice messages respectively indicating that the base unit has commenceddialing a call to the response center, and that the base unit issubsequently terminating the call when voice communications have beencompleted. The base unit may include a third stored voice message toadvise the user of the operational status of various functional systemscontained in the base unit. Alternatively, the stored messages may bestored in the portable, wireless communication unit intended to becarried by a user.

According to still another aspect of the invention, a method is providedfor calling an emergency response center from a user carried, portablecommunications unit, comprising the steps of: transmitting a callrequest signal from the portable unit to a base unit; receiving the callrequest signal at the base unit; using the base unit to place a call toa telephone number of the emergency response center in response to thecall request signal, which may include the telephone number; storing atleast a first voice message at the base unit indicating the status ofthe call that has been placed; and, transmitting the first voice messagefrom the base unit to the portable unit in order to advise the user ofthe call status.

Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to providea personal emergency communication system which is simple inconstruction and operation, and allows a user to establish direct, twoway voice communications with an emergency response center, such as a911 center.

Another object of the invention is to provide a communication system asdescribed above which employs a user-carried, portable communicationunit having a single, easy-to-locate call button used to initiate a 911call.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a communicationsystem of the type mentioned above which provides the user withpreselected voice messages that inform the user of the status of thecall that has been placed to the 911 center.

Another object of the invention is to provide a communication system asmentioned immediately above in which the user may employ the portableunit to cause functional tests be carried out in a base unit to confirmthat the base unit is operating properly.

A further object of the invention is to provide a communication systemas described immediately above which provides the user with voiceconfirmation that functional tests of the base unit have been carriedout with satisfactory results.

These non-limiting features, as well as other advantages and objects ofthe invention may be better understood by considering the followingdetails of a description of a preferred embodiment of the presentinvention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the drawings, which form an integral part of the specification, andare to be read in conjunction therewith, and which like referencenumerals are employed to designate identical components in the variousviews:

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a personal emergencycommunication system, which forms the preferred embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a portable unit forming a portion of thesystem showed in FIG. 1, shown being held in a user's hand;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary, cross-sectional view taken through the outerface of the unit shown in FIG. 2, to better reveal the recessed positionof the call button;

FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram showing the details of the portableunit and the base unit depicted in FIG. 1; and,

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the steps in placing a call to a 911center using the communication system of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring first to FIG. 1, the present invention relates to a personalemergency communication system broadly comprising a base unit 26 whichcommunicates via radio frequency (RF) signals with a portable unit 10that is either worn or attached to a user who may require emergencyattention. The base unit 26 derives power from a suitable electricalpower source 28, and is coupled with a public dial-up telephone network32. A conventional telephone unit 30 may be optionally coupled to thebase unit 26 in order to provide normal access to the telephone network32. As will be described later in more detail, the base unit 26functions to place the portable unit 10 in two way voice communicationvia the telephone network 32 with an emergency response center, hereinillustrated as an emergency medical service (EMS) center 34.

Reference is now made to FIGS. 2 and 3 which depict the physical detailsof the portable unit 10. Unit 10 comprises a generally rectangular caseor housing 15 having dimensions small enough to permit the unit to beheld in a user's hand, as shown in FIG. 2. The case 15 may be formed ofany suitable material such as plastic, aluminum or titanium and,significantly, includes appropriate gaskets, o-rings or other suitableseals to assure that the unit 10 remains water tight when subjected tobrief immersion in water. By this feature, the user may wear the unit 10while bathing without fear of damage to the unit. The case 15 isprovided with a mounting loop 14 formed on one end thereof. A lanyard 12is removably attached to the case 15 by means of a clip attached to theloop 14. The portable unit 10 may be worn as a pendant with the lanyard12 looped around the user's neck. Alternatively, the case 15 may beprovided with a clip (not shown) for removably attaching the unit 10 tothe user's belt or other article of clothing.

The unit 10 further includes an acoustic transducer or speaker 22 whichacts both as a microphone and a speaker to provide the unit 10 with aspeaker phone function. The speaker 22 is a readily available commercialdevice, similar to speaker phone devices used in common cell phones andpreferably has dimensions and performance such that the user can clearlyhear a voice produced by the speaker 22 at a distance of at least 15inches.

An LED 20 is provided in the face of the case 15 to provide the userwith a visual indication of certain later discussed operating functions,such indicating that the unit 10 has been activated to initiate a call.A test button 24 is provided near the bottom of the case 15 to allow theuser to test the unit's battery strength and to interrogate the baseunit 26 to determine whether certain base unit operating systems arefunctioning properly.

A circular call button 16 is recessed into a central opening in one faceof the case 15 and is surrounded by an upstanding, ring shaped ridge 18.Recessing the call button 16 within the case 15 reduces the possibilityof inadvertent button actuation while also providing a tactile surfacefeature in the case 15 that allows the user to more quickly locate thecall button 16. The upstanding ridge 18 also assists in avoidingunintended button actuation. As shown in FIG. 3, button 16 includes aprojection 19 on its lower face which is displaced downwardly bymovement by the button 16 to actuate a switch or similar device mountedon a printed circuit board 17.

The portable unit 10 is powered by an electrical battery, preferablycomprising one or more replaceable lithium battery cells. A commonlithium battery will normally provide unit 10 with at least 1 year ofoperability on a standby basis, and will be sufficient to provide aminimum of 30 minutes of uninterrupted conversation.

As will be discussed later, the portable unit 10 includes a radiofrequency transmitter and a receiver provided with an antenna that iscontained completely inside the case 15.

Reference also now made to FIG. 4 which depicts further details of theportable unit 10 and the base unit 26. Broadly, the portable unit 10includes a remote unit controller 36 which may comprise a suitablemicro-processor IC for controlling various operations of the unit 10.The call button 16 and the test button 24 form inputs to the controller36, while speaker 22 and LED 20 receive output signals from thecontroller 36. The controller 36 also controls the operation of a radiofrequency transmitter 38 and a radio frequency receiver 40 which, ifdesired, may be combined into a single radio transponder. Thetransponder may be any of various commercially available radiosoperating, for example, in the 800 MHz spectrum.

Actuation of the call button 16 by the user results in the controller 36turning on the LED 20 and generating a call request signal that iswirelessly transmitted to the base unit 26 by the RF transmitter 28. TheLED 20 provides the user with visual confirmation that a call requestsignal has been transmitted to the base unit 26. The RF receiver 40receives incoming RF signals from the base unit 26 which are processedby the controller 36. Incoming signals containing voice communicationsare delivered to the speaker 22. The controller 36 preferably includes atime delay circuit which prevents the call request signal from beinggenerated unless the call button 16 is depressed for at least apreselected amount of time, for example one half second. This featureprevents a call from being initiated to a 911 center as a result ofinadvertent, momentary activation of the call button 16.

When the user depresses and briefly holds down the test button 24, thecontroller 36 performs a test to determine the strength of the batterypower source 42. If the remaining battery strength is above a thresholdvoltage, the controller turns on LED 20 to provide the user with avisual indication that the battery strength is adequate.

When the user depresses and holds down the test button 24 for a longer,preselected time period, for example five seconds or more, thecontroller 36 causes a test request signal to be wirelessly transmittedto the base unit 26. Simultaneously, the controller the LED 20 to flashduring this test sequence. request signal received at the base unit 26is by a base unit controller 50 which causes a functional tests to beperformed on certain operating systems of the base unit 26. Uponsuccessful completion of the base unit 26 functional tests, apreselected voice message is transmitted from the base unit 26 to theportable unit 10 and is announced by the speaker 22 to alert the userthat the test was successful and that all systems in the base unit 26are operating properly. This voice message may comprise, for example,“System check. All functions are OK”

The base unit 26 includes an RF transmitter and receiver, 44, 46, whichcommunicate with the remote unit 10. The base unit controller 50 maycomprise a commercially available microprocessor which controls variousfunctions of the base unit 26, including the transmission and receptionof RF signals between the base unit 26 and the remote unit 10. The baseunit 26 includes a suitable power source which may comprise an ACadapter that can be plugged into an ordinary electrical wall outlet. Amemory 48 is provided to store various information, such as, thetelephone number of one or more emergency response centers, includingthe common 911 number. One or more voice messages also may be stored inthe memory 48 which are recalled by the controller 50 and are deliveredto a speech synthesizer 56 which may comprise a commercially available“speech chip” having approximately 10 seconds or more of play time. Thebase unit 26 includes a telephone interface network 52 which interfacesthe base unit 26 with a public telephone network shown as telephonelines 32. Controller 50 operates a conventional dialer 54 which producesDTMF (Dual Tone Multiple Frequency) signals that are delivered throughthe interface network 52 in order to place a call through the telephonelines 32. An optional key pad 58 may be employed to manually input callnumbers to the dialer 54 or into the memory 48.

As previously mentioned, a conventional telephone unit 30 may beoptionally connected to the telephone interface network 52 by way of aninput port provided in the base unit 26.

Referring also to FIG. 5, the operation of the present communicationsystem will now be described. Prior to an emergency that warrantsactivation of the system, the portable unit 10 is in an inactive,standby mode, and the base unit 26 is “on hook” which means that thebase unit 26 is also standing by and has not yet made an activeconnection with the telephone line 32. In the event of an emergency inwhich the user requires personal assistance, the user presses the callbutton 16 at step 60. If the call button 16 is depressed for at least acertain length of time at 62, a call request signal is generated by theportable unit 10 and transmitted to the base unit 26. If, however, thecall button is depressed for a shorter length of time, then the callprocess is stopped at 64.

As shown at step 68, upon receipt of the call request signal at the baseunit 26, the controller 50 retrieves the telephone number of anemergency response center from memory 48 and instructs the dialer 54 todial the number, as is shown at step 70. Simultaneously, controller 50retrieves a voice message from memory 58 which is processed by thespeech synthesizer 56 and wirelessly transmitted to the portable unit10. This voice message, which, for example, may comprise “Your emergencycall is now being dialed. Please standby” is announced through thespeaker 22, thereby giving the user audible voice confirmation that thecall is being placed.

As shown at step 74, if a connection is not made, the dialing sequenceis repeated, otherwise a connection is made, and the base unitcontroller 50 connects the emergency center operator with the portableunit 10, as shown at step 76, thereby placing the user in direct, twoway voice communication with the emergency center operator. At thispoint, the user may give the emergency center operator informationconcerning the nature of the user's emergency, his location and otherimportant information. The connection between the user and the emergencyoperator continues until such time as the base unit controller 50 doesnot detect any voice communication between the parties for a preselectedlength of time, for example a period of two minutes.

At step 78, if no voice communications are detected during thispreselected time period, the controller 50 directs the telephoneinterface network 52 to terminate the call at step 80. Then, as shown atstep 82, the controller 50 retrieves a pre-selected voice message frommemory 48 and causes a speech synthesizer 56 to produce a voice messagethat is transmitted to the portable unit and played through the speaker22 to alert the user that the call is being terminated. This message maycomprise, for example, “help is on the way.” Upon termination of thecall, the base unit 26 returns to its standby “on hook” status, theportable unit 10 likewise returns to its standby mode until another callis initiated by the user, and the sequence of events ends at 84.

The telephone number can be stored in a memory in the portable unit 10and sent to the base unit 26 as part of the call request signal.Similarly, the voice messages can be stored in a memory in the portableunit 10 and activated by appropriate signals from the base unit 26correlated with activation of the voice messages stored in the memory inthe portable unit 10. Upon retrieval of each voice message in theportable unit 10, it is passed through a speech synthesizer in theportable unit 10 and passed to the speaker 22 in the portable unit 10where it is announced. Also, the telephone number can be stored in amemory in both the portable unit 10 and the base unit 26. The voicemessages can also be stored in both the portable unit 10 and the baseunit 26, or shared between them in any manner desired.

It is to be understood that the specific systems, methods and techniqueswhich have been described above are merely illustrative of oneapplication of the principles of the invention. Numerous modificationsmay be made to the system as described without departing from the truespirit and scope of the invention.

1. A personal emergency response communications system, comprising: aportable communications unit intended to be carried by a user who mayrequire emergency attention, including (1) a wireless transmitter and awireless receiver for respectively transmitting and receivingcommunication signals, (2) a call button actuatable by the user toinitiate a call request signal that will result in placing the user invoice communication with an emergency response center; a basecommunications unit coupled with a dial-up telephone system forestablishing voice communication between the user and the emergencyresponse center, the base unit including (1) a wireless transmitter anda wireless receiver for respectively transmitting and receivingcommunication signals, and (2) a dialer for dialing the emergencyresponse center telephone number, a memory for storing a telephonenumber of the emergency response center in one of the portablecommunications unit and the base communications unit, and a controllerresponsive to the call request signal for controlling the dialer to dialthe emergency response center telephone number.
 2. The communicationssystem of claim 1, wherein the portable unit includes an acoustictransducer for converting the user's speech into electrical signals, andfor converting electrical signals received from the base unit intoaudible speech.
 3. The communications system of claim 1, wherein thememory stores electrical signals convertible into preselected voicemessages, a speech synthesizer is provided for reproducing thepreselected voice messages from the stored signals indicative of thestatus of the call request, and the controller is operative to deliverthe preselected voice messages to the portable unit.
 4. Thecommunications system of claim 3, wherein the preselected voice messagesinclude a first voice message indicating that the emergency responsecenter number is being dialed, and a second voice message indicatingthat the call to the center is being terminated.
 5. The communicationssystem of claim 1, wherein the portable unit includes a portable unitcontroller, and a test button actuatable by the user, the portable unitcontroller being responsive to the actuation of the test button totransmit a test request signal to the base unit, the base unit beingresponsive to the test request signal to perform a test of certainfunctions of the base unit and transmit a synthesized voice message tothe portable unit announcing the results of the test.
 6. Thecommunications system of claim 1, wherein the portable unit includes abattery power source, and a battery test button actuatable by the userto initiate a test of the battery power source.
 7. The communicationssystem of claim 1, wherein the portable unit includes a lamp forindicating the operational status of the portable unit.
 8. Thecommunications system of claim 1, wherein the portable unit includes aportable unit controller operative to terminate communications betweenthe base unit and the portable unit if the portable unit does not detectthe voice of the user during a preselected time period.
 9. Thecommunications system of claim 1, wherein the portable unit includes ahousing having an opening within which the call button is mounted, and araised ring circumscribing the call button and extending outwardly fromthe surface of the housing to provide the user with a tactile guide forlocating the call button.
 10. The communications system of claim 9,wherein the call button is recessed within the housing opening.
 11. Thecommunications system of claim 1, wherein the portable unit includes anattachment that removably attaches the portable unit to the user's body.12. A personal emergency response communications system, comprising: aportable, wireless communications unit intended to be carried by a userwho may require emergency attention, the portable unit including a callbutton actuatable by the user to transmit a call request signal; and, abase communications unit for wirelessly communicating with the portableunit, the base unit being coupled with a dial-up telephone system andresponsive to the call request signal for establishing voicecommunications between the user and the emergency response center, amemory in at least one of the portable, wireless communications unit andthe base unit including at least one stored voice message indicating thestatus of the communications with the emergency response center, and acontroller for controlling the voice message in order to advise the userof the communications status.
 13. The communications system of claim 12,including a speech synthesizer for generating the stored voice message.14. The communications system of claim 12, including two stored voicemessages respectively indicating the status of the communications withthe emergency response center when the base unit begins dialing atelephone number of the center, and when the base unit terminatescommunications with the emergency response center.
 15. Thecommunications system of claim 14, wherein the base unit includes astored voice message indicating the status of an operational testperformed on the base unit.
 16. The communications system claim 12,wherein the portable unit includes a portable unit controller, and atest button actuatable by the user, the portable unit controller beingresponsive to the actuation of the test button to transmit a testrequest signal to the base unit, the base unit being responsive to thetest request signal to perform a test of certain functions of the baseunit and transmit a synthesized voice message to the portable unitannouncing the results of the test.
 17. The communications system ofclaim 12, wherein the portable unit includes a battery power source, anda battery test button actuatable by the user to initiate a test of thebattery power source.
 18. The communications system of claim 12, whereinthe portable unit includes a portable unit controller operative toterminate communications between the base unit and the portable unit ifthe portable unit does not detect the voice of the user during apreselected time period.
 19. A method of calling an emergency responsecenter from a user-carried, portable communication unit, comprising thesteps of: (A) transmitting a call request signal from the portable unitto a base unit; (B) receiving the call request signal at the base unit;(C) storing a telephone number of an emergency response center in atleast one of the portable unit and the base unit; (D) using the baseunit to place a call to the stored telephone number of the emergencyresponse center in response the call request signal; (E) storing atleast a first voice message in at least one of the portable unit and thebase unit indicating the status of the call placed in step (D); and (F)using the first voice message to advise the user of the call status. 20.The method of claim 19, including the step of placing the portable unitin voice communication with the emergency response center when thecenter answers the call dialed in step (D).
 21. The method of claim 19,wherein the first voice message notifies the user that the call is beingplaced.
 22. The method of claim 21, wherein step (E) includes storing asecond voice message, the second message notifying the user that thecall to the emergency response center is being terminated.
 23. Themethod of claim 19, including the steps of: (G) performing a functionaltest of the operating systems of the base unit; (H) storing a secondvoice message at the base unit advising the user that the test performedin step (E) was successful; and, (I) transmitting the second voicemessage from the base unit to the portable unit to alert the user thatthe functional test was successful.
 24. The method of claim 19, whereinthe telephone number is stored in the base unit.
 25. The method of claim19, wherein the telephone number is stored in the user-carried, portablecommunication unit.